CLASSIFICATION OF TOOLS FOR REDUCING CORRUPTION RISKS IN THE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT, DEPENDING ON THEIR IMPACT ON THE FACTORS OF CORRUPTION R. KLITGAARD

Importance.The development of tools to reduce corruption risks in the procurement system to ensure public needs (public procurement) is an important state task.The current state of public procurement indicates the presence in this area: firstly, contradictions between the anticorruption target of creating a modern public procurement system and the

The scientific community is growing increasingly aware of the importance of the FAIR data management principles for publishing scientific data.For data providers, this includes creating machine-understandable file structures such as CF-NetCDF files and Darwin Core Archives.To support scientists in creating these, we present significant upgrades to

We established a universality of logarithmic loss over a finite alphabet as a distortion criterion in fixed-length lossy compression.For any fixed-length pentair hose lossy-compression problem under an arbitrary distortion criterion, we show that there is an equivalent lossy-compression problem under logarithmic loss.The equivalence is in the stron